winbind คือ

winbindd is a daemon that provides a number of services to the Name Service Switch capability found in most modern C libraries, to arbitary applications via PAM and ntlm_auth and to Samba itself. Even if winbind is not used for nsswitch, it still provides a service to smbd, ntlm_auth and the pam_winbind.so PAM module, by managing connections to domain controllers. In this configuraiton the idmap uid and idmap gid parameters are not required. (This is known as ‘netlogon proxy only mode’.) The Name Service Switch allows user and system information to be obtained from different databases services such as NIS or DNS. The exact behaviour can be configured throught the /etc/nsswitch.conf file. Users and groups are allocated as they are resolved to a range of user and group ids specified by the administrator of the Samba system. The service provided by winbindd is called ‘winbind’ and can be used to resolve user and group information from a Windows NT server. The service can also provide authentication services via an associated PAM module. The pam_winbind module supports the auth, account and password module-types. It should be noted that the account module simply performs a getpwnam() to verify that the system can obtain a uid for the user, as the domain controller has already performed access control. If the libnss_winbind library has been correctly installed, or an alternate source of names configured, this should always succeed. The following nsswitch databases are implemented by the winbindd service:
hosts This feature is only available on IRIX. User information traditionally stored in the hosts(5) file and used bygethostbyname(3) functions. Names are resolved through the WINS server or by broadcast.
passwd User information traditionally stored in the passwd(5) file and used bygetpwent(3) functions.
group Group information traditionally stored in the group(5) file and used bygetgrent(3) functions. For example, the following simple configuration in the/etc/nsswitch.conf file can be used to initially resolve user and group information from /etc/passwd and /etc/group and then from the Windows NT server.
passwd: files winbind
group: files winbind ## only available on IRIX; Linux users should us libnss_wins.so hosts: files dns winbind
The following simple configuration in the/etc/nsswitch.conf file can be used to initially resolve hostnames from /etc/hosts and then from the WINS server.
hosts: files wins